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Typhoon Zeb, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Iliang, was a powerful typhoon that struck the island of Luzon in October 1998. The tenth tropical storm of the season, Zeb formed on October 10 from the monsoon trough near the Caroline Islands. It moved westward initially and quickly intensified. Zeb's inflow briefly spawned another tropical storm, which it ultimately absorbed. Developing an eye, Zeb rapidly intensified into a super typhoon, officially reaching maximum sustained winds of 205 km/h (125 mph); one warning agency estimated winds as high as 285 km/h (180 mph). After reaching peak intensity, the typhoon struck northern Luzon and quickly weakened over land. Turning to the north, Zeb brushed the east coast of Taiwan at a reduced intensity, and after accelerating to the northeast it moved through Japan. It became extratropical on October 18 and moved eastward over open waters. First affecting the Philippines, Zeb dropped torrential rainfall in Luzon, reaching in one day in La Trinidad, estimated as a 1 in 1147 year event. The rains caused floods and landslides, which compounded with high winds to leave heavy crop damage. Zeb destroyed or damaged 85,844 houses in the Philippines, and damage in the country was estimated at ₱5.375 billion (1998 Philippine pesos, $126 million United States dollars), the fifth costliest at the time. There were also 83 deaths in the country, a number compounded upon when Typhoon Babs struck the same region a week later. High winds and rainfall from Zeb later affected Taiwan, causing NT$4.15 billion (New Taiwan dollar, $125 million USD) in damage as well as 31 deaths. Gusty winds affected much of Japan, while heavy rainfall peaked at on Mount Ontake. The storm killed 14 people in the country, several related to landslides. Zeb destroyed 770 homes and flooded another 12,548 in Japan. ==Meteorological history== The monsoon trough spawned a tropical disturbance over the western Pacific Ocean to the east of Guam around October 7. The system moved steadily westward, organizing enough for the American-based Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) to issue a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert early on October 9. After the disturbance passed south of Guam, the JTWC began issuing advisories on Tropical Depression 18W late on October 9, and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) followed suit the next day. While passing north of Yap in the Caroline Islands, the depression intensified into a tropical storm according to the JTWC, which gave it the name Zeb.〔 The JMA again was delayed in upgrading by a day.〔 After becoming a tropical storm, Zeb proceeded to steadily intensify. Its large inflow spawned a circulation well to the east-northeast, which organized into a separate tropical storm – Alex.〔 Early on October 11, the storm entered the area of responsibility of PAGASA – the Philippine-based weather agency – which gave it the local name ''Iliang''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=1998-11-10 )〕 Late on October 11, the JTWC upgraded Zeb to typhoon status, or 1 minute winds of at least 120 km/h (75 mph).〔 This was based on the appearance of a banding-type eye on satellite imagery. On October 12, the storm rapidly intensified as it turned more to the west-northwest toward the Philippines. During this time, it caused increased wind shear over the smaller Tropical Storm Alex to the east-northeast, ultimately absorbing it. At 00:00 UTC on October 13, the JTWC upgraded Zeb to super typhoon status, estimating winds of 260 km/h (160 mph). Twelve hours later, the agency estimated that the typhoon strengthened further to a peak of 285 km/h (180 mph), making it the strongest storm of the season.〔 At the same time, PAGASA also estimated peak 10 minute winds of 240 km/h (150 mph), also designating Zeb as a super typhoon. Late on October 13, the JMA estimated peak 10 minute winds of 205 km/h (125 mph) just east of the island of Luzon.〔 While near peak intensity, the JTWC estimated that winds of 185 km/h (115 mph) extended 95 km (60 mi), and gales extended 465 km (290 mi) from the center.〔 Zeb's eyewall continued to contract up until it moved ashore. Early on October 14, Zeb made landfall on eastern Luzon just south of Palanan Bay, or east of Ilagan, near peak intensity. The typhoon weakened rapidly over land, while its track shifted more to the north around a ridge to the east.〔〔 It emerged into the Luzon Strait between the eponymous island and Taiwan with a much larger eyewall,〔 and failed to re-intensify over open waters. Late on October 15, Zeb passed within 19 km (11 mi) of Taiwan's east coast before accelerating to the northeast due to a passing trough.〔〔 The JMA downgraded the typhoon to tropical storm status on October 16,〔 although the JTWC retained Zeb at typhoon status.〔 Favorable upper-level conditions allowed the storm to briefly re-intensify after passing Taiwan, although this was short-lived, and it weakened while accelerating toward Japan.〔 At 07:00 UTC on October 17, Zeb struck southern Kyushu in Kagoshima Prefecture. It continued northeastward through the country, striking Kōchi Prefecture on Shikoku and later crossing central Honshu as a tropical storm.〔 During this time, the storm was losing tropical characteristics as it swiftly entered the Sea of Japan.〔 At 00:00 UTC on September 18, the JMA declared Zeb extratropical, and shortly after the storm moved over northern Hokkaido and into the Sea of Okhotsk. The remnants moved across the southern Kamchatka Peninsula and continued eastward through the open north Pacific. It was last noted by the JMA early on October 20.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Typhoon Zeb」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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